DOT 3 and DOT 4 are specifications for brake fluid, which is a crucial component of a vehicle’s braking system. While they share many similarities, there are key distinctions between these two types of brake fluids. Understanding these differences can help you make informed decisions about which type of brake fluid to use in your vehicle.
1. Boiling Point
- DOT 3: DOT 3 brake fluid has a lower boiling point compared to DOT 4. It typically has a dry boiling point of around 401°F (205°C) and a wet boiling point of about 284°F (140°C).
- DOT 4: DOT 4 brake fluid has a higher boiling point. It usually has a dry boiling point of around 446°F (230°C) and a wet boiling point of about 311°F (155°C).
2. Composition
- DOT 3: Both DOT 3 and DOT 4 brake fluids are glycol-based, which means they are hygroscopic, meaning they absorb moisture from the air over time. DOT 3 brake fluid is less resistant to moisture absorption compared to DOT 4.
3. Compatibility
- DOT 3: DOT 3 brake fluid is compatible with most conventional braking systems. However, it is not recommended for high-performance or heavy-duty applications due to its lower boiling point.
- DOT 4: DOT 4 brake fluid is compatible with a wide range of vehicles, including those with ABS (anti-lock brake systems) and high-performance applications. It is more suitable for vehicles that may experience higher braking temperatures.
4. Moisture Tolerance
- DOT 3: DOT 3 brake fluid can absorb moisture more readily than DOT 4. This means it may require more frequent replacement and can be prone to reduced braking performance over time in moist or humid conditions.
- DOT 4: DOT 4 brake fluid is less prone to moisture absorption, making it a better choice for vehicles exposed to varying environmental conditions.
5. Performance and Safety
- DOT 3: DOT 3 brake fluid is safe and effective for regular passenger vehicles with standard braking systems. It may not be ideal for high-performance or heavy-duty applications.
- DOT 4: DOT 4 brake fluid offers improved performance and safety in situations with higher braking temperatures, such as in racing or heavy-duty applications. It is also compatible with most vehicles.
6. Mixing
DOT 3 and DOT 4 fluids are not typically recommended to be mixed in a vehicle’s braking system. It’s best to use the type specified in your vehicle’s owner’s manual.
7. Upgrading
If your vehicle originally came with DOT 3 brake fluid and you want to upgrade to DOT 4 for better performance, you should thoroughly flush and replace all of the old fluid in the brake system to avoid potential compatibility issues.
In summary, the main distinctions between DOT 3 and DOT 4 brake fluids are their boiling points, moisture tolerance, and compatibility with different types of vehicles and braking systems. When choosing brake fluid for your vehicle, it’s important to follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and consider the specific demands of your vehicle’s braking system and your driving conditions.
